Ease of use - Can a non-specialist use this resource? What reading level is it?Īnnotated bibliography examples in APA style:įormatting an annotated bibliography is the same as formatting an APA reference list. You use the same author-date style and place the elements in the same order.Scope/Limitations - What does it cover? What does the author state s/he will cover? What doesn't the resource provide that could be helpful?.Currency - Is it up-to-date for the topic?. Authority - Is it written by an expert or knowledge keeper?.Reliability- Is the information accurate?.Usefulness - What does it do for your research? What is an annotated bibliography An annotated bibliography is a list of sources on a single topic, with an annotation provided for each source.Methods used to collect data - Where did the information come from?.Purpose - What is it for? Why was this written?.Content - What is the resource about? Is it relevant to your research?.A simple summary may be shorter than an annotation that contains analysis or evaluation: The length of your annotation will depend on its purpose. Was this source helpful to you? How does it help you shape your argument? How can you use this source in your research project? Has it changed how you think about your topic?įor each citation in your bibliography, write a short paragraph beneath it, and consider the following questions. Reflect: Once you've summarized and assessed a source, you need to ask how it fits into your research.Is it a useful source? How does it compare with other sources in your bibliography? Is the information reliable? Is this source biased or objective? What is the goal of this source? Assess: After summarizing a source, it may be helpful to evaluate it.What are the main arguments? What is the point of this book or article? What topics are covered? If someone asked what this article/book is about, what would you say? The length of your annotations will determine how detailed your summary is. The bibliography for this text is annotated and provides a good source of examples. Harmon writes this text for librarians who must focus on detailing books. Summarize: Some annotations merely summarize the source. article from a scholarly journal does not focus on annotated bibliographies, the author does a superior job of indicating the reason and process of general bibliography.The Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) breaks annotations into several categories: They may also comment on the relevance of a source to your particular research. Annotations are descriptive and critical they may describe the author's point of view, authority, or clarity and appropriateness of expression. AbstractsĪbstracts are the purely descriptive summaries often found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or in periodical indexes. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually about 150 - 300 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents.
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